At present, electric vehicles on the market are generally equipped with lead-acid batteries because lead-acid batteries are relatively stable and have relatively low prices. When using electric vehicles, we often encounter the situation that the battery is not awesome after a period of time, and we tend to think that the quality of the lead-acid battery is poor, or it is damaged by our own use. In fact, lead-acid batteries are often not worn out but recharged. Mastering the correct charging method plays a crucial role in the service life and performance of the battery. Remember to pay attention to the following points.
1. The discharge depth of lead-acid batteries has a significant impact on their cyclic service life. This is because the deeper the discharge depth, the greater the expansion and contraction of the electrodes, and the more active material in the positive electrode falls off, resulting in the loss of discharge characteristics and performance degradation until the end of the battery life. Therefore, when using batteries, deep discharge should be avoided as much as possible, and shallow discharge and frequent charging should be achieved. Generally, the battery should be charged once when the discharge depth is about 70% (that is, when there is still about 30% remaining power).
2. After discharging lead-acid batteries to the termination voltage, continuing to discharge (overdischarge) can seriously damage the battery, as irreversible sulfation is easily formed at this time, which can deteriorate the charging recovery ability and even make it impossible to repair. So when using batteries, over discharge should be prevented, and "under voltage protection" is a useful measure. The "undervoltage protection" measure is controlled by the electric vehicle controller, but due to the fact that power consuming appliances such as electric vehicle instruments and indicator lights are not controlled by the controller, once the electric vehicle lock is closed, it starts to use electricity. Although the current is small, if the battery is discharged for a long time, it will experience over discharge. Therefore, it is not allowed to unlock for a long time and should be turned off immediately when not in use.
3. The charging current should be less than or equal to the acceptable charging current of the battery. Otherwise, the excess current generated by overcharging will cause the electrolyte to be consumed too quickly and result in serious gas evolution. Over time, charging will become very difficult. Therefore, overcharging should be prevented as much as possible during charging. A charger produced by a good manufacturer can prevent overcharging of the battery.
4. Lead acid batteries are afraid of discharging due to low battery capacity. If a low battery is left for 3-7 days, it may be damaged. Therefore, please charge the battery as soon as possible after use. For batteries that are not used for a long time, they should be charged every once in a while to compensate for the self discharge loss during storage.